graetz



N0. 6|9,|65 Patented Feb. 7, |899. A. GBAETZ.

INGANDESCENT LAMP.

:Appliation mad Feb. s, 1897.)

3 Slleemts--Sheet l.

(No Mnl-icl.)

Mr/m55 e5.

Np. 619,165. Patented Feb'. 7, |899.

A. GnAETz.

INCANDESCENT LAMP.`

fpplication med Feb. s, 1897.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(Nu Model.)

zag-4- lf3-r l l l ll l i i (Il IIHIIII Tl U "Ill: n'l

l l I l noms emes w. momumq.. wmimumu. n. c.

Patented Feb. 7. |899. A. GRAETZ.

INGANDESCENT LAMP.

(Applicatlnn md Fab. 3 1897.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Modal.)

n4: cams Penas co.. wow-uwe., .msnm-JON, u c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLF GRAETZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE ERA INOANDES- CENT OIL LAMP COMPANY, LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

INCAN DESCENT LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 619,165, dated February 7, 1899.

Application iled February 3, 1897. Serial No. 621,775. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that 1, ADoLE GRAETZ, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon or Petroleum Lamps, (for which I have obtained Swiss Patent No. 13,931, dated January 30, 1897,) of which the following is an exact speciiication.

This invention has for its object to produce hydrocarbon or petroleum lamps giving a nonluminous flame, so that such lamps can be employed for use in incandescent gas-lightin g. Heretofore common illuminating gas has chiefly been used for heating incandescent devices, stockings, hoods, or mantles, so that they emit light.

By my improved lamps I am able to use hydrocarbons or petroleum for heating incandescent devices,whereby a great saving is effected, and,further, I am able to produce incandescent lights at any desired place without necessitating the existence of gas-works.

My improvements in petroleum-lamps of said kind relate to certain combinations and arrangements of parts, as are fully described hereinafter; and the purpose of my improvements is to render the ignition of the lamp more easy and to make the various parts of the burner accessible without necessitating a removal of the incandescence body from the chimney or from the gallery of the burner, respectively.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different views, and in which-- Figure 1 is a vertical section through the improved burner.' Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on line S 9 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is also a horizontal section, or, more precisely, represents two such sections, taken on line 10 11 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing the lamp combined with a mechanism for raising the gallery and other parts. Fig. 5 shows the gallery raised by the mechanism aforementioned. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, but showing the gallery separated from said mechanism; and Fig. 7 is a plan of the burner and gallery employed in the form of construction shown in Figs. 4 to 6, the chimney, the incandescence body, and the flame'disk of the burner being removed.

My improved burner is constructed as follows: To the oil-reservoir is attached a burnercasing whose lower portion is perforated. Through these perforations enters the air. The wick d, Fig. 1, or the two concentric tubes a' a2, inclosing said wick, respectively, is or are encompassed by two concentric caps c e, that form two annular channels or iiues, the inner channel being formed by or between thc cap e and the upper end of the wick-tube a and the outer channel being formed by or between said two caps e e. A particular feature of these caps is that they are of uniform height, so that the draft produced within the two channels or fines is of the same strength. There is of course an annulai` space between the upper ends of the caps e c', and there are apertures e2 in the lower portion of the cap c and apertures es in the lower portion of the cap e'. Therefore the air passing through the apertures e2 escapes partly through the outer annular flue and partly through the apertures e3. This second portion of the air flowsupward between the chimney 'i and the incandescent device o, which latter is suspended from an annular rod o', fixed in position by means of a screw o2. The incandescent device o takes with its lower end over the upper end of the cap e and is, in fact, supported not 4by said rod o' only, but by the cap e too.

Besides the two caps e e aforementioned there is provided athird cap u, which extends upward from the inner wick-tube a2 and is supported by this tube. The cap u carries the dame-disk u, which is situated between the closed top of the cap in question and the plane of the upper ends of the caps e e. The mantle portion of the cap u is provided with apex' tures u2, that are situated not only below the flame-disk n', but also above the same. The diameter of the cap u is smaller than that of the wick-tube (z2-or, in other words, that cap is contracted at n3, this plate n3 being situated in close neighborhood to the upper end of said wick-tube. The burning gas issuing from the wick a receives thus air through the inner annular iiue formed by or between the upper end of the wick-tub c' and the cap e IOO and through the lower apertures of the cap @L -i. e., through those apertures which are situated below the flame-disk u. The nonlu minous flame thus produced passes through the annular .space between the edge of the flame-disk-u and the opposite edge of the cap e', and when leaving said space the flame receives a second supply of air, this second supply taking place through the outer annular iue formed by or between the caps e and e and through the upper apertures of the cap tt-i. e., through those apertures which are situated above the flame-disk u. twofold supply of air is a characteristic feature of my invention, and I wish it to be understood that said twofold supply of air is to take place in any case not from the outer side only, but from the inner side too-t'. e., from the caps e e as well as from the cap u. The particles of gas that are still u nburned on passing through the annular space between the edges of the cap e and the name-disk u are completely burned on getting mixed with the hot air issuing from the, outer annular llueV and from the uppermost aperturesl of the cap u, and there results an extremely hot llame, which is practically colorless and which causes the incandescent mantle to glow with an extreme brilliancy.

In order to facilitate the cleaning of the wick and the ignition of the same or of the lamp, respectively, I prefer to combine the arrangements aforedescribed with a device for raising the gallery of the lamp, together with the chimney, the incandescent mantle, and the caps e e', up to such a height that the cap u may be drawn out of the inner wicktube and removed from the burner; and I further prefer to eect theconnection between said lifting device and the gallery in such a way that the gallery may be easily disconneoted from and as easily connected with said device, as is all fully described hereinafter.

Referringto Figs. 4, 5, and 6, the lower or main portion a3 of the burner-casing is provided with two bearings fr r', Fig. 6, holding a shaft r2. Two curved levers s, having each a slot s', Fig. 5, are fixed to said shaft, and

said slots take over pins 0s, Fig. 6, secured to` vertical rods no. The latter may be placed in guides m2, Fig. 6, and are displaced by turning the shaft r2 in'one or the other direction, whenA the levers s or the slots s ofthe same, respectively, will take the pins a: with them, and will thus cause the vertical movement of the rods The latter support and are connected by a ring z, Fig. 6, p rovided with hooks e.

The bottom d4 of the gallery is provided with apertures a5, Figs. 6 and 7, for letting pass the hooks z aforementioned. Said apertures terminate intov slits a. After the gallery is placed upon the lifting device, or, j more precisely, after the bottom a4 of the gallery is put upon the ring e' of said device, in 3 such a manner that the hooks z of said ring l take through the apertures a5 of said bottom, the gallery is turned in such a direction that the slits or. take below the hooks z', as shown in Fig. 7. The gallery is then securely connected with the lifting device and may, if desired, be easily disconnected and removed from the same by being turned in the other direction, as will be clear without any further explanation.

I am aware of the fact that the described device for connecting and disconnecting th gallery is old, and I do not claim it.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, what I desire to secu re by Letters Patent of the United States isl. A hydrocarbon or petroleum lamp producing a non-luminous flame for use in incandescent gas-lighting, consisting of a reservoir with perforated burner-casing and` concentric wick-tubes attached thereto, two concentric caps e, e of uniform height forming an annular air-space between their upper ends, aperture e2 in lower portion of cap e and v aperture e3 in lower side portion of cap e', an

air-channel formed by cap e and the outer wick-tube, a contracted cap u with perforatedl mantle secured tothe inner wick-tube and carryinga flame-disk, an incandescent del vice and a chimney; whereby the air passing through the burner-casing is divided, it passingpartly within the inner wick-tube through the perforations in mantle of cap u, below and above the flame-disk, partly through the channel formed by cap e and the outer wicktube, partly through the annular space between caps e, e and partly through apertures e2, e3 and then between the chimney and the incandescent, as specified.

2. vIn an incandescence lamp a novel draft arrangement composed of a perforated burner-casing, two concentric wick-tubes, two concentric caps e, e of uniform height forming ian annular airspace between their upper ends, the aperture e2 `in the lower portion of cap e and the aperture e3 in the lower side portion of cap e', an air-channel formed by cap e and the outer wick-tube, a contracted cap u with perforated mantle secured to the inner Wick-tube and carrying a flame-disk, an incandescent device and a chimney; whereby the air passing through the burner-Casin g is divided, it passing partly within the inner wickv tube through the perforations in mantle of cap u, below and above the iiame-disk, partly through the channel formed of cap e and the outer wick-tube, partly through the annular space betweenv caps e, e and partly through the apertures e2, e3 and then between the chimney and the incandescent, as specied.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLF GRAETZ.

Witnesses: 1

R. HERPICH, C. BRocKHAUs.

IOO

IIO 

